Which Yankees shortstop, nicknamed "The Captain," retired in 2014?

Which White Sox slugger was nicknamed "The Big Hurt"? Which Yankees closer entered games to "Enter Sandman"? Which Mets pitcher was nicknamed "Tom Terrific"? Which Yankees catcher, famous for his quotes like "It ain't over till it's over," won 10 World Series? Which Yankees star gave the "Luckiest Man on the Face of the Earth" speech in 1939? Lou Gehrig's disease, which ended his career, is medically known as what? Which player broke MLB's color barrier on April 15, 1947? For which team did Jackie Robinson play?