Based on the clue 'a type of top hat popular in the 19th century was ...', what is the answer?

Based on the clue 'a type of this lays the smallest egg for an avian ...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of this snake that sounds like a james clav...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of this was named for johannes kepler', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of time out that sounds like what a puppy h...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of tortoise thats an accomplished excavator...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of treeless plain or the oldest city in geo...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'a type of unglazed china or a thick cream soup oft...', what is the answer? What is associated with: a type of us attack submarine or a 1904 jack london novel?