Which state was an independent republic from 1836 to 1845 before joining the Union?

Which state became the 49th state in 1959? Which two states became the 47th and 48th states in 1912? How many original colonies became the first U.S. states? Which of these was NOT one of the original 13 colonies? Which state was an independent kingdom before becoming a U.S. territory? From which country did the United States purchase Alaska in 1867? From which country did the United States buy the Louisiana Territory in 1803? From which country did the United States acquire Florida by treaty in 1819?