What is referred to by 'bidens pedal digits'?

Based on the clue 'bid adieu to ones feelings of touch taste sight so...', what is the answer? What is associated with: bid is the winning symbol for this auction house that held its first one in 1744? Based on the clue 'bid means you take an rx this many times a day', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'bidding for tricks goes around the table until 3 p...', what is the answer? Which performer is associated with 'biennially'? What is associated with: bierce defined this event as the first and direst of all disasters his occured on june 24 1842? Based on the clue 'bierce saw this an abrupt change in the form of mi...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'biff could be thick as one or one short of a load', what is the answer?