What is associated with: before 1859 they sat in padded rocking chairs behind the catcher?

Based on the clue 'before biography or graph it means self', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'before naut physics it means star', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'before standard marine it means below', what is the answer? What is associated with: before 1250 this countrys bela iv replaced pest a city destroyed by the mongols in 1241 with t… What is associated with: before 1900 otto lilienthal had invented one of these engineless airplanes with arched wings l… What is associated with: before 1934 the date for this was march 4 after 1934 january 20? What is associated with: before 1935 turkeys were bred mainly for this feature not meat? What is associated with: before 1974 this country with a hyphenated name was known as portuguese guinea?