In which country is the city of Cali?

In which country is the city of Rosario? In which country is the city of Ushuaia? In which country is the city of Valparaíso? In which country is the city of Medellín? In which country is the city of Cusco? In which country is the city of Arequipa? In which country is the city of Guayaquil? In which country is the city of Punta del Este?