Based on the clue 'carl stumpf his student oskar pfungst debunked cl...', what is the answer?

What is associated with: carl schurz was a leader of the mugwumps republicans who left the party in 1884 to support thi… Based on the clue 'carl sontheimer combined his electronics expertise...', what is the answer? Based on the clue 'carl spackler ty webb lacey underall', what is the answer? What is associated with: carl stokes the first black mayor of a major us city was mayor of this ohio metropolis from 19… Based on the clue 'carl switzer who had a bit role as a slave is best...', what is the answer? What is associated with: carl the truth williams lasted 93 seconds in the ring with this iron man july 21 1989? Based on the clue 'carl weathers played this boxer who slugged it out...', what is the answer? What is associated with: carl weiss was exhumed to investigate his alleged 1935 assassination of this former louisiana…