Which word names an astronomical event and also means "to surpass"?

An assassin shot President William McKinley at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in which city? Which short word names a gathering of athletes for racing, as in "track ___" or "swim ___"? What is the general term for a fictitious name used by an author? Which asteroidean echinoderm is a common sight in tide pools? Sweden's future King Gustaf VI Adolf, an athlete in his youth, helped organize the 1912 Olympics in which city? Which cyclist wrote the 2000 memoir "It's Not About the Bike" about his recovery from cancer? Which winter sport combines cross-country skiing with rifle shooting? An audio oscillator was the first product of which company, founded in 1939 by two Stanford classmates?