Based on the clue '12 of this 2nd largest island in the world is an i...', what is the answer?

Based on the clue '12 million future americans were inspected there', what is the answer? What is referred to by '12 muslim'? What is referred to by '12 oclock'? Based on the clue '12 of these 33 bones are thoracic', what is the answer? Based on the clue '12 plus 13 plus 110 plus 115', what is the answer? What is referred to by '12 squared plus 8'? Based on the clue '12 to 30 miles up this atmospheric layer largely i...', what is the answer? Based on the clue '12 year old david mullany gave this toy its name a...', what is the answer?